오늘 강의에서 가장 인상깊었던 부분은
대부분은 고전적인 인권의 개념을 떠올리는데 인권에는 3세대 인권이 존재한다는 점이다.
1세대 인권은
우리가 흔히 알고 있는 시민적, 정치적 권리이다.
사상과 양심, 언론의 자유 등의 자유권에 관련된 내용을 의미한다.
2세대 인권은
먹고 사는 문제와 관련된 경제적 사회적 문화적 권리로,
생계, 의식주, 노약자 보호 등의 사회권을 의미하며, 흔히 이야기하는 복지와 관련된 개념이다.
3세대 인권은
사회 구성원들 간의 협력과 연대에 의해서 실현되는 새로운 인권의 개념으로
평화적 생존권, 환경권, 식량권 등의 이슈에 대해서 국경을 초월해 연대한다는 연대권의 개념이다.
물론 3세대 인권은 새로운 개념이기에
아직까지 개념적 정의도 잘 되어있지 않은 상황일뿐만 아니라,
한국에서는 아직 2세대 인권에 대한 개념조차 잘 자리잡지 못하고 있는 상황이다.
+
UN 세계인권선언에 따르면,
Article 22.
Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled to realization, through national effort and international co-operation and in accordance with the organization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality.
Article 23.
(1) Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and favourable conditions of work and to protection against unemployment.
(2) Everyone, without any discrimination, has the right to equal pay for equal work.
(3) Everyone who works has the right to just and favourable remuneration ensuring for himself and his family an existence worthy of human dignity, and supplemented, if necessary, by other means of social protection.
(4) Everyone has the right to form and to join trade unions for the protection of his interests.
Article 24.
Everyone has the right to rest and leisure, including reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic holidays with pay.
Article 25.
(1) Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control.
(2) Motherhood and childhood are entitled to special care and assistance. All children, whether born in or out of wedlock, shall enjoy the same social protection.
Article 26.
(1) Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be free, at least in the elementary and fundamental stages. Elementary education shall be compulsory. Technical and professional education shall be made generally available and higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit.
(2) Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups, and shall further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace.
(3) Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall be given to their children.
Article 27.
(1) Everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits.
(2) Everyone has the right to the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific, literary or artistic production of which he is the author.
* 본 내용은 서울시민대학의 조효제 교수님 강의내용을 정리한 것으로
일부 내용 중에는 강의 내용과 다소 차이가 있을 수 있음을 밝혀드립니다.
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